//! A convenience crate for optionally supporting systemd socket activation.
//!
//! ## About
//!
//! **Important:** because of various reasons it is recommended to call the [`init`] function at
//! the start of your program!
//!
//! The goal of this crate is to make socket activation with systemd in your project trivial.
//! It provides a replacement for `std::net::SocketAddr` that allows parsing the bind address from string just like the one from `std`
//! but on top of that also allows `systemd://socket_name` format that tells it to use systemd activation with given socket name.
//! Then it provides a method to bind the address which will return the socket from systemd if available.
//!
//! The provided type supports conversions from various types of strings and also `serde` and `parse_arg` via feature flag.
//! Thanks to this the change to your code should be minimal - parsing will continue to work, it'll just allow a new format.
//! You only need to change the code to use `SocketAddr::bind()` instead of `TcpListener::bind()` for binding.
//!
//! You also don't need to worry about conditional compilation to ensure OS compatibility.
//! This crate handles that for you by disabling systemd on non-linux systems.
//!
//! Further, the crate also provides methods for binding `tokio` 1.0, 0.2, 0.3, and `async_std` sockets if the appropriate features are
//! activated.
//!
//! ## Example
//!
//! ```no_run
//! use systemd_socket::SocketAddr;
//! use std::convert::TryFrom;
//! use std::io::Write;
//!
//! systemd_socket::init().expect("Failed to initialize systemd sockets");
//! let mut args = std::env::args_os();
//! let program_name = args.next().expect("unknown program name");
//! let socket_addr = args.next().expect("missing socket address");
//! let socket_addr = SocketAddr::try_from(socket_addr).expect("failed to parse socket address");
//! let socket = socket_addr.bind().expect("failed to bind socket");
//!
//! loop {
//!     let _ = socket
//!     .accept()
//!     .expect("failed to accept connection")
//!     .0
//!     .write_all(b"Hello world!")
//!     .map_err(|err| eprintln!("Failed to send {}", err));
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! ## Features
//!
//! * `enable_systemd` - on by default, the existence of this feature can allow your users to turn
//!   off systemd support if they don't need it. Note that it's already disabled on non-linux
//!   systems, so you don't need to care about that.
//! * `serde` - implements `serde::Deserialize` for `SocketAddr`
//! * `parse_arg` - implements `parse_arg::ParseArg` for `SocketAddr`
//! * `tokio` - adds `bind_tokio` method to `SocketAddr` (tokio 1.0)
//! * `tokio_0_2` - adds `bind_tokio_0_2` method to `SocketAddr`
//! * `tokio_0_3` - adds `bind_tokio_0_3` method to `SocketAddr`
//! * `async_std` - adds `bind_async_std` method to `SocketAddr`
//!
//! ## Soundness
//!
//! The systemd file descriptors are transferred using environment variables and since they are
//! file descriptors, they should have move semantics. However environment variables in Rust do not
//! have move semantics and even modifying them is very dangerous.
//!
//! Because of this, the crate only allows initialization when there's only one thread running.
//! However that still doesn't prevent all possible problems: if some other code closes file
//! descriptors stored in those environment variables you can get an invalid socket.
//!
//! This situation is obviously ridiculous because there shouldn't be a reason to use another
//! library to do the same thing. It could also be argued that whichever code doesn't clear the
//! evironment variable is broken (even though understandably) and it's not a fault of this library.
//!
//! ## MSRV
//!
//! This crate must always compile with the latest Rust available in the latest Debian stable.
//! That is currently Rust 1.48.0. (Debian 11 - Bullseye)

#![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_auto_cfg))]
#![deny(missing_docs)]

pub mod error;
mod resolv_addr;

use crate::error::*;
use crate::resolv_addr::ResolvAddr;
use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
use std::ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
use std::fmt;

#[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
use std::convert::Infallible as Never;

#[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
pub(crate) mod systemd_sockets {
    use libsystemd::activation::FileDescriptor;
    use libsystemd::errors::SdError as LibSystemdError;
    use std::fmt;
    use std::sync::Mutex;

    #[derive(Debug)]
    pub(crate) struct Error(&'static Mutex<InitError>);

    impl fmt::Display for Error {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            use std::error::Error as _;

            let guard = self.0.lock().expect("mutex poisoned");
            fmt::Display::fmt(&*guard, f)?;
            let mut source_opt = guard.source();
            while let Some(source) = source_opt {
                write!(f, ": {}", source)?;
                source_opt = source.source();
            }
            Ok(())
        }
    }

    type StoredSocket = Result<Socket, ()>;

    // No source we can't keep the mutex locked
    impl std::error::Error for Error {}

    pub(crate) unsafe fn init(protected: bool) -> Result<(), InitError> {
        SYSTEMD_SOCKETS
            .get_or_try_init(|| SystemdSockets::new(protected, true).map(Ok))
            .map(drop)
    }

    pub(crate) fn take(name: &str) -> Result<Option<StoredSocket>, Error> {
        let sockets = SYSTEMD_SOCKETS
            .get_or_init(|| SystemdSockets::new_protected(false).map_err(Mutex::new));
        match sockets {
            Ok(sockets) => Ok(sockets.take(name)),
            Err(error) => Err(Error(error)),
        }
    }

    #[derive(Debug)]
    pub(crate) enum InitError {
        OpenStatus(std::io::Error),
        ReadStatus(std::io::Error),
        ThreadCountNotFound,
        MultipleThreads,
        LibSystemd(LibSystemdError),
    }

    impl From<LibSystemdError> for InitError {
        fn from(value: LibSystemdError) -> Self {
            Self::LibSystemd(value)
        }
    }

    impl fmt::Display for InitError {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            match self {
                Self::OpenStatus(_) => write!(f, "failed to open /proc/self/status"),
                Self::ReadStatus(_) => write!(f, "failed to read /proc/self/status"),
                Self::ThreadCountNotFound => {
                    write!(f, "/proc/self/status doesn't contain Threads entry")
                }
                Self::MultipleThreads => write!(f, "there is more than one thread running"),
                // We have nothing to say about the error, let's flatten it
                Self::LibSystemd(error) => fmt::Display::fmt(error, f),
            }
        }
    }

    impl std::error::Error for InitError {
        fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> {
            match self {
                Self::OpenStatus(error) => Some(error),
                Self::ReadStatus(error) => Some(error),
                Self::ThreadCountNotFound => None,
                Self::MultipleThreads => None,
                // We have nothing to say about the error, let's flatten it
                Self::LibSystemd(error) => error.source(),
            }
        }
    }

    pub(crate) enum Socket {
        TcpListener(std::net::TcpListener),
    }

    impl std::convert::TryFrom<FileDescriptor> for Socket {
        type Error = ();

        fn try_from(value: FileDescriptor) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
            use libsystemd::activation::IsType;
            use std::os::unix::io::{AsRawFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};

            fn set_cloexec(fd: std::os::unix::io::RawFd) {
                // SAFETY: The function is a harmless syscall
                let flags = unsafe { libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_GETFD) };
                if flags != -1 && flags & libc::FD_CLOEXEC == 0 {
                    // We ignore errors, since the FD is still usable
                    // SAFETY: socket is definitely a valid file descriptor and setting CLOEXEC is
                    // a sound operation.
                    unsafe {
                        libc::fcntl(fd, libc::F_SETFD, flags | libc::FD_CLOEXEC);
                    }
                }
            }

            if value.is_inet() {
                // SAFETY: FileDescriptor is obtained from systemd, so it should be valid.
                let socket = unsafe { std::net::TcpListener::from_raw_fd(value.into_raw_fd()) };
                set_cloexec(socket.as_raw_fd());
                Ok(Socket::TcpListener(socket))
            } else {
                // We still need to make the filedescriptor harmless.
                set_cloexec(value.into_raw_fd());
                Err(())
            }
        }
    }

    struct SystemdSockets(std::sync::Mutex<std::collections::HashMap<String, StoredSocket>>);

    impl SystemdSockets {
        fn new_protected(explicit: bool) -> Result<Self, InitError> {
            unsafe { Self::new(true, explicit) }
        }

        unsafe fn new(protected: bool, explicit: bool) -> Result<Self, InitError> {
            use std::convert::TryFrom;

            if explicit {
                if std::env::var_os("LISTEN_PID").is_none()
                    && std::env::var_os("LISTEN_FDS").is_none()
                    && std::env::var_os("LISTEN_FDNAMES").is_none()
                {
                    // Systemd is not used - make the map empty
                    return Ok(SystemdSockets(Mutex::new(Default::default())));
                }
            }

            if protected {
                Self::check_single_thread()?
            }
            // MUST BE true FOR SAFETY!!!
            let map = libsystemd::activation::receive_descriptors_with_names(
                /*unset env = */ protected,
            )?
            .into_iter()
            .map(|(fd, name)| (name, Socket::try_from(fd)))
            .collect();
            Ok(SystemdSockets(Mutex::new(map)))
        }

        fn check_single_thread() -> Result<(), InitError> {
            use std::io::BufRead;

            let status = std::fs::File::open("/proc/self/status").map_err(InitError::OpenStatus)?;
            let mut status = std::io::BufReader::new(status);
            let mut line = String::new();
            loop {
                if status.read_line(&mut line).map_err(InitError::ReadStatus)? == 0 {
                    return Err(InitError::ThreadCountNotFound);
                }
                if let Some(threads) = line.strip_prefix("Threads:") {
                    if threads.trim() == "1" {
                        break;
                    } else {
                        return Err(InitError::MultipleThreads);
                    }
                }
                line.clear();
            }
            Ok(())
        }

        fn take(&self, name: &str) -> Option<StoredSocket> {
            // MUST remove THE SOCKET FOR SAFETY!!!
            self.0.lock().expect("poisoned mutex").remove(name)
        }
    }

    static SYSTEMD_SOCKETS: once_cell::sync::OnceCell<Result<SystemdSockets, Mutex<InitError>>> =
        once_cell::sync::OnceCell::new();
}

/// Socket address that can be an ordinary address or a systemd socket
///
/// This is the core type of this crate that abstracts possible addresses.
/// It can be (fallibly) converted from various types of strings or deserialized with `serde`.
/// After it's created, it can be bound as `TcpListener` from `std` or even `tokio` or `async_std`
/// if the appropriate feature is enabled.
///
/// Optional dependencies on `parse_arg` and `serde` make it trivial to use with
/// [`configure_me`](https://crates.io/crates/configure_me).
#[derive(Debug)]
#[cfg_attr(
    feature = "serde",
    derive(serde_crate::Deserialize),
    serde(crate = "serde_crate", try_from = "serde_str_helpers::DeserBorrowStr")
)]
pub struct SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner);

impl SocketAddr {
    /// Creates SocketAddr from systemd name directly, without requiring `systemd://` prefix.
    ///
    /// Always fails with systemd unsupported error if systemd is not supported.
    pub fn from_systemd_name<T: Into<String>>(name: T) -> Result<Self, ParseError> {
        Self::inner_from_systemd_name(name.into(), false)
    }

    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    fn inner_from_systemd_name(name: String, prefixed: bool) -> Result<Self, ParseError> {
        let real_systemd_name = if prefixed {
            &name[SYSTEMD_PREFIX.len()..]
        } else {
            &name
        };

        let name_len = real_systemd_name.len();
        match real_systemd_name
            .chars()
            .enumerate()
            .find(|(_, c)| !c.is_ascii() || *c < ' ' || *c == ':')
        {
            None if name_len <= 255 && prefixed => Ok(SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Systemd(name))),
            None if name_len <= 255 && !prefixed => {
                Ok(SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(name)))
            }
            None => Err(ParseErrorInner::LongSocketName {
                string: name,
                len: name_len,
            }
            .into()),
            Some((pos, c)) => Err(ParseErrorInner::InvalidCharacter {
                string: name,
                c,
                pos,
            }
            .into()),
        }
    }

    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    fn inner_from_systemd_name(name: String, _prefixed: bool) -> Result<Self, ParseError> {
        Err(ParseError(ParseErrorInner::SystemdUnsupported(name)))
    }

    /// Creates `std::net::TcpListener`
    ///
    /// This method either `binds` the socket, if the address was provided or uses systemd socket
    /// if the socket name was provided.
    pub fn bind(self) -> Result<std::net::TcpListener, BindError> {
        match self.0 {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => match std::net::TcpListener::bind(addr) {
                Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                Err(error) => Err(BindErrorInner::BindFailed { addr, error }.into()),
            },
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => match std::net::TcpListener::bind(addr.as_str())
            {
                Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                Err(error) => Err(BindErrorInner::BindOrResolvFailed { addr, error }.into()),
            },
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name) => {
                Self::get_systemd(socket_name, true).map(|(socket, _)| socket)
            }
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(socket_name) => {
                Self::get_systemd(socket_name, false).map(|(socket, _)| socket)
            }
        }
    }

    /// Creates `tokio::net::TcpListener`
    ///
    /// To be specific, it binds the socket or converts systemd socket to `tokio` 1.0 socket.
    ///
    /// This method either `binds` the socket, if the address was provided or uses systemd socket
    /// if the socket name was provided.
    #[cfg(feature = "tokio")]
    pub async fn bind_tokio(self) -> Result<tokio::net::TcpListener, TokioBindError> {
        match self.0 {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => match tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await {
                Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                    BindErrorInner::BindFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                )),
            },
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => {
                match tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(addr.as_str()).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                        BindErrorInner::BindOrResolvFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                    )),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, true)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, false)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
        }
    }

    /// Creates `tokio::net::TcpListener`
    ///
    /// To be specific, it binds the socket or converts systemd socket to `tokio` 0.2 socket.
    ///
    /// This method either `binds` the socket, if the address was provided or uses systemd socket
    /// if the socket name was provided.
    #[cfg(feature = "tokio_0_2")]
    pub async fn bind_tokio_0_2(self) -> Result<tokio_0_2::net::TcpListener, TokioBindError> {
        match self.0 {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => {
                match tokio_0_2::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                        BindErrorInner::BindFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                    )),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => {
                match tokio_0_2::net::TcpListener::bind(addr.as_str()).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                        BindErrorInner::BindOrResolvFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                    )),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, true)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, false)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
        }
    }

    /// Creates `tokio::net::TcpListener`
    ///
    /// To be specific, it binds the socket or converts systemd socket to `tokio` 0.3 socket.
    ///
    /// This method either `binds` the socket, if the address was provided or uses systemd socket
    /// if the socket name was provided.
    #[cfg(feature = "tokio_0_3")]
    pub async fn bind_tokio_0_3(self) -> Result<tokio_0_3::net::TcpListener, TokioBindError> {
        match self.0 {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => {
                match tokio_0_3::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                        BindErrorInner::BindFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                    )),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => {
                match tokio_0_3::net::TcpListener::bind(addr.as_str()).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(TokioBindError::Bind(
                        BindErrorInner::BindOrResolvFailed { addr, error }.into(),
                    )),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, true)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, addr) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, false)?;
                socket
                    .try_into()
                    .map_err(|error| TokioConversionError { addr, error }.into())
            }
        }
    }

    /// Creates `async_std::net::TcpListener`
    ///
    /// To be specific, it binds the socket or converts systemd socket to `async_std` socket.
    ///
    /// This method either `binds` the socket, if the address was provided or uses systemd socket
    /// if the socket name was provided.
    #[cfg(feature = "async-std")]
    pub async fn bind_async_std(self) -> Result<async_std::net::TcpListener, BindError> {
        match self.0 {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => {
                match async_std::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(BindErrorInner::BindFailed { addr, error }.into()),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => {
                match async_std::net::TcpListener::bind(addr.as_str()).await {
                    Ok(socket) => Ok(socket),
                    Err(error) => Err(BindErrorInner::BindOrResolvFailed { addr, error }.into()),
                }
            }
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, _) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, true)?;
                Ok(socket.into())
            }
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(socket_name) => {
                let (socket, _) = Self::get_systemd(socket_name, false)?;
                Ok(socket.into())
            }
        }
    }

    // We can't impl<T: Deref<Target=str> + Into<String>> TryFrom<T> for SocketAddr because of orphan
    // rules.
    fn try_from_generic<'a, T>(string: T) -> Result<Self, ParseError>
    where
        T: 'a + std::ops::Deref<Target = str> + Into<String>,
    {
        if string.starts_with(SYSTEMD_PREFIX) {
            Self::inner_from_systemd_name(string.into(), true)
        } else {
            match string.parse() {
                Ok(addr) => Ok(SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr))),
                Err(_) => Ok(SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(
                    ResolvAddr::try_from_generic(string).map_err(ParseErrorInner::ResolvAddr)?,
                ))),
            }
        }
    }

    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    fn get_systemd(
        socket_name: String,
        prefixed: bool,
    ) -> Result<(std::net::TcpListener, SocketAddrInner), BindError> {
        use systemd_sockets::Socket;

        let real_systemd_name = if prefixed {
            &socket_name[SYSTEMD_PREFIX.len()..]
        } else {
            &socket_name
        };

        let socket =
            systemd_sockets::take(real_systemd_name).map_err(BindErrorInner::ReceiveDescriptors)?;
        // match instead of combinators to avoid cloning socket_name
        match socket {
            Some(Ok(Socket::TcpListener(socket))) => {
                Ok((socket, SocketAddrInner::Systemd(socket_name)))
            }
            Some(_) => Err(BindErrorInner::NotInetSocket(socket_name).into()),
            None => Err(BindErrorInner::MissingDescriptor(socket_name).into()),
        }
    }

    // This approach makes the rest of the code much simpler as it doesn't require sprinkling it
    // with #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))] yet still statically guarantees it won't execute.
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    fn get_systemd(
        socket_name: Never,
        _prefixed: bool,
    ) -> Result<(std::net::TcpListener, SocketAddrInner), BindError> {
        match socket_name {}
    }
}

/// Initializes the library while there's only a single thread.
///
/// Unfortunately, this library has to be initialized and, for soundness, this initialization must
/// happen when no other threads are running. This is attempted automatically when trying to bind a
/// systemd socket but at that time there may be other threads running and error reporting also
/// faces some restrictions. This function provides better control over the initialization point
/// and returns a more idiomatic error type.
///
/// You should generally call this at around the top of `main`, where no threads were created yet.
/// While technically, you may spawn a thread and call this function after that thread terminated,
/// this has the additional problem that the descriptors are still around, so if that thread (or the
/// current one!) forks and execs the descriptors will leak into the child.
#[inline]
pub fn init() -> Result<(), error::InitError> {
    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    {
        // Calling with true is always sound
        unsafe { systemd_sockets::init(true) }.map_err(error::InitError)
    }
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    {
        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Initializes the library without protection against double close.
///
/// Unfortunately, this library has to be initialized and, because double closing file descriptors
/// is unsound, the library has some protections against double close. However these protections
/// come with the limitation that the library must be initailized with a single thread.
///
/// If for any reason you're unable to call `init` in a single thread at around the top of `main`
/// (and this should be almost never) you may call this method if you've ensured that no other part
/// of your codebase is operating on systemd-provided file descriptors stored in the environment
/// variables.
///
/// Note however that doing so uncovers another problem: if another thread forks and execs the
/// systemd file descriptors will get passed into that program! In such case you somehow need to
/// clean up the file descriptors yourself.
pub unsafe fn init_unprotected() -> Result<(), error::InitError> {
    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    {
        systemd_sockets::init(false).map_err(error::InitError)
    }
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    {
        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Displays the address in format that can be parsed again.
///
/// **Important: While I don't expect this impl to change, don't rely on it!**
/// It should be used mostly for debugging/logging.
impl fmt::Display for SocketAddr {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        fmt::Display::fmt(&self.0, f)
    }
}

impl fmt::Display for SocketAddrInner {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(addr) => fmt::Display::fmt(addr, f),
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd(addr) => fmt::Display::fmt(addr, f),
            SocketAddrInner::SystemdNoPrefix(addr) => write!(f, "{}{}", SYSTEMD_PREFIX, addr),
            SocketAddrInner::WithHostname(addr) => fmt::Display::fmt(addr, f),
        }
    }
}

// PartialEq for testing, I'm not convinced it should be exposed
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
enum SocketAddrInner {
    Ordinary(std::net::SocketAddr),
    WithHostname(resolv_addr::ResolvAddr),
    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    Systemd(String),
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    Systemd(Never),
    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    SystemdNoPrefix(String),
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    SystemdNoPrefix(Never),
}

const SYSTEMD_PREFIX: &str = "systemd://";

impl<I: Into<std::net::IpAddr>> From<(I, u16)> for SocketAddr {
    fn from(value: (I, u16)) -> Self {
        SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(value.into()))
    }
}

impl From<std::net::SocketAddr> for SocketAddr {
    fn from(value: std::net::SocketAddr) -> Self {
        SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(value))
    }
}

impl From<std::net::SocketAddrV4> for SocketAddr {
    fn from(value: std::net::SocketAddrV4) -> Self {
        SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(value.into()))
    }
}

impl From<std::net::SocketAddrV6> for SocketAddr {
    fn from(value: std::net::SocketAddrV6) -> Self {
        SocketAddr(SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(value.into()))
    }
}

impl std::str::FromStr for SocketAddr {
    type Err = ParseError;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        SocketAddr::try_from_generic(s)
    }
}

impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a str> for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseError;

    fn try_from(s: &'a str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        SocketAddr::try_from_generic(s)
    }
}

impl TryFrom<String> for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseError;

    fn try_from(s: String) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        SocketAddr::try_from_generic(s)
    }
}

impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a OsStr> for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseOsStrError;

    fn try_from(s: &'a OsStr) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        s.to_str()
            .ok_or(ParseOsStrError::InvalidUtf8)?
            .try_into()
            .map_err(Into::into)
    }
}

impl TryFrom<OsString> for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseOsStrError;

    fn try_from(s: OsString) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        s.into_string()
            .map_err(|_| ParseOsStrError::InvalidUtf8)?
            .try_into()
            .map_err(Into::into)
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
impl<'a> TryFrom<serde_str_helpers::DeserBorrowStr<'a>> for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseError;

    fn try_from(s: serde_str_helpers::DeserBorrowStr<'a>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        SocketAddr::try_from_generic(s)
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "parse_arg")]
impl parse_arg::ParseArg for SocketAddr {
    type Error = ParseOsStrError;

    fn describe_type<W: fmt::Write>(mut writer: W) -> fmt::Result {
        std::net::SocketAddr::describe_type(&mut writer)?;
        write!(writer, " or a systemd socket name prefixed with systemd://")
    }

    fn parse_arg(arg: &OsStr) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        arg.try_into()
    }

    fn parse_owned_arg(arg: OsString) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        arg.try_into()
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::{SocketAddr, SocketAddrInner};

    #[test]
    fn parse_ordinary() {
        assert_eq!(
            "127.0.0.1:42".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap().0,
            SocketAddrInner::Ordinary(([127, 0, 0, 1], 42).into())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd"))]
    fn parse_systemd() {
        assert_eq!(
            "systemd://foo".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap().0,
            SocketAddrInner::Systemd("systemd://foo".to_owned())
        );
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")))]
    #[should_panic]
    fn parse_systemd() {
        "systemd://foo".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn parse_systemd_fail_control() {
        "systemd://foo\n".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn parse_systemd_fail_colon() {
        "systemd://foo:".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn parse_systemd_fail_non_ascii() {
        "systemd://fooá".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn parse_systemd_fail_too_long() {
        "systemd://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx".parse::<SocketAddr>().unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg_attr(
        not(all(target_os = "linux", feature = "enable_systemd")),
        should_panic
    )]
    fn no_prefix_parse_systemd() {
        SocketAddr::from_systemd_name("foo").unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn no_prefix_parse_systemd_fail_non_ascii() {
        SocketAddr::from_systemd_name("fooá").unwrap();
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic]
    fn no_prefix_parse_systemd_fail_too_long() {
        SocketAddr::from_systemd_name("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx").unwrap();
    }
}