annotate src/libpam/memory.rs @ 183:4f46681b3f54 default tip

Catch a few stray cargo fmt things.
author Paul Fisher <paul@pfish.zone>
date Wed, 30 Jul 2025 18:43:07 -0400
parents a1bb1d013567
children
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1 //! Things for dealing with memory.
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2
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3 use libpam_sys_helpers::{Buffer, OwnedBinaryPayload};
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4 use std::ffi::{c_char, CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};
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5 use std::marker::{PhantomData, PhantomPinned};
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6 use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
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7 use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
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8 use std::os::unix::ffi::{OsStrExt, OsStringExt};
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9 use std::ptr::NonNull;
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10 use std::{mem, ptr, slice};
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11
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12 /// Like the num_enum crate, but with no dependency on `syn`.
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13 macro_rules! num_enum {
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14 (
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15 $(#[$m:meta])*
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16 $viz:vis enum $name:ident($repr:ty) {
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17 $(
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18 $(#[$im:meta])*
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19 $item_name:ident = $item_value:path,
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20 )*
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21 }
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22 ) => {
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23 $(#[$m])*
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24 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
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25 #[repr($repr)]
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26 $viz enum $name {
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27 $(
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28 $(#[$im])*
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29 $item_name = $item_value,
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30 )*
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31 }
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32
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33 impl TryFrom<$repr> for $name {
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34 type Error = crate::constants::ErrorCode;
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35
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36 #[allow(unused_doc_comments)]
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37 fn try_from(value: $repr) -> crate::constants::Result<$name> {
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38 match value {
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39 $(
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40 $(#[$im])*
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41 $item_value => Ok(Self::$item_name),
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42 )*
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43 _ => Err(crate::constants::ErrorCode::BAD_CONST),
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44 }
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45 }
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46 }
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47
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48 impl From<$name> for $repr {
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49 fn from(value: $name) -> $repr {
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50 value as $repr
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51 }
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52 }
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53 }
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54 }
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55
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56 pub(crate) use num_enum;
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57
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58 /// Allocates `count` elements to hold `T`.
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59 #[inline]
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60 pub fn calloc<T>(count: usize) -> NonNull<T> {
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61 // SAFETY: it's always safe to allocate! Leaking memory is fun!
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62 unsafe { NonNull::new_unchecked(libc::calloc(count, mem::size_of::<T>()).cast()) }
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63 }
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64
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65 /// Wrapper for [`libc::free`] to make debugging calls/frees easier.
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66 ///
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67 /// # Safety
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68 ///
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69 /// If you double-free, it's all your fault.
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70 #[inline]
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71 pub unsafe fn free<T>(p: *mut T) {
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72 libc::free(p.cast())
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73 }
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74
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75 /// Makes whatever it's in not [`Send`], [`Sync`], or [`Unpin`].
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76 #[repr(C)]
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77 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
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78 pub struct Immovable(pub PhantomData<(*mut u8, PhantomPinned)>);
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79
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80 /// Safely converts a `&str` option to a `CString` option.
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81 pub fn option_cstr(prompt: Option<&[u8]>) -> Option<CString> {
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82 prompt.map(|p| CString::new(p).expect("nul is not allowed"))
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83 }
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84
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85 pub fn option_cstr_os(prompt: Option<&OsStr>) -> Option<CString> {
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86 option_cstr(prompt.map(OsStr::as_bytes))
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87 }
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88
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89 /// Gets the pointer to the given CString, or a null pointer if absent.
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90 pub fn prompt_ptr(prompt: Option<&CStr>) -> *const c_char {
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91 match prompt {
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92 Some(c_str) => c_str.as_ptr(),
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93 None => ptr::null(),
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94 }
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95 }
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96
98
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97 /// It's like a [`Box`], but C heap managed.
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98 #[derive(Debug)]
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99 #[repr(transparent)]
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100 pub struct CHeapBox<T>(NonNull<T>);
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101
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102 // Lots of "as" and "into" associated functions.
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103 #[allow(clippy::wrong_self_convention)]
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104 impl<T> CHeapBox<T> {
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105 /// Creates a new CHeapBox holding the given data.
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106 pub fn new(value: T) -> Self {
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107 let memory = calloc(1);
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108 unsafe { ptr::write(memory.as_ptr(), value) }
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109 // SAFETY: We literally just allocated this.
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110 Self(memory)
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111 }
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112
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113 /// Takes ownership of the given pointer.
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114 ///
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115 /// # Safety
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116 ///
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117 /// You have to provide a valid pointer to the start of an allocation
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118 /// that was made with `malloc`.
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119 pub unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: NonNull<T>) -> Self {
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120 Self(ptr)
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121 }
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122
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123 /// Converts this CBox into a raw pointer.
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124 pub fn into_ptr(this: Self) -> NonNull<T> {
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125 ManuallyDrop::new(this).0
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126 }
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127
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128 /// Gets a pointer from this but doesn't convert this into a raw pointer.
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129 ///
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130 /// You are responsible for ensuring the CHeapBox lives long enough.
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131 pub fn as_ptr(this: &Self) -> NonNull<T> {
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132 this.0
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133 }
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134
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135 /// Because it's annoying to type `CHeapBox.as_ptr(...).as_ptr()`.
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136 pub fn as_raw_ptr(this: &Self) -> *mut T {
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137 this.0.as_ptr()
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138 }
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140 /// Converts this into a Box of a different type.
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141 ///
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142 /// # Safety
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143 ///
141
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144 /// The other type has to have the same size and alignment and
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145 /// have compatible drop behavior with respect to other resources.
98
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146 pub unsafe fn cast<R>(this: Self) -> CHeapBox<R> {
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147 mem::transmute(this)
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148 }
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149 }
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150
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151 impl<T: Default> Default for CHeapBox<T> {
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152 fn default() -> Self {
141
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153 Self::new(Default::default())
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154 }
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155 }
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156
139
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157 impl Buffer for CHeapBox<u8> {
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158 fn allocate(len: usize) -> Self {
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159 // SAFETY: This is all freshly-allocated memory!
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160 unsafe { Self::from_ptr(calloc(len)) }
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161 }
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162
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163 fn as_ptr(this: &Self) -> *const u8 {
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164 this.0.as_ptr()
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165 }
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166
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167 unsafe fn as_mut_slice(this: &mut Self, len: usize) -> &mut [u8] {
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168 slice::from_raw_parts_mut(this.0.as_ptr(), len)
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169 }
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170
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171 fn into_ptr(this: Self) -> NonNull<u8> {
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172 CHeapBox::into_ptr(this)
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173 }
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174
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175 unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: NonNull<u8>, _: usize) -> Self {
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176 CHeapBox::from_ptr(ptr)
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177 }
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178 }
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179
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180 pub type CHeapPayload = OwnedBinaryPayload<CHeapBox<u8>>;
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181
98
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182 impl<T> Deref for CHeapBox<T> {
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183 type Target = T;
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184 fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
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185 // SAFETY: We own this pointer and it is guaranteed valid.
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186 unsafe { Self::as_ptr(self).as_ref() }
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187 }
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188 }
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189
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190 impl<T> DerefMut for CHeapBox<T> {
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191 fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
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192 // SAFETY: We own this pointer and it is guaranteed valid.
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193 unsafe { Self::as_ptr(self).as_mut() }
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194 }
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195 }
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196
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197 impl<T> Drop for CHeapBox<T> {
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198 fn drop(&mut self) {
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199 // SAFETY: We own a valid pointer, and will never use it after this.
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200 unsafe {
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201 let ptr = self.0.as_ptr();
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202 ptr::drop_in_place(ptr);
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203 free(ptr)
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204 }
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205 }
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206 }
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207
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208 /// A null-terminated string allocated on the C heap.
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209 ///
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210 /// Basically [`CString`], but managed by malloc.
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211 #[derive(Debug)]
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212 #[repr(transparent)]
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213 pub struct CHeapString(CHeapBox<c_char>);
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214
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215 impl CHeapString {
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216 /// Creates a new C heap string with the given contents.
143
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217 pub fn new(text: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> Self {
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218 let data = text.as_ref();
98
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219 if data.contains(&0) {
143
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220 panic!("you're not allowed to create a cstring with a nul inside!");
98
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221 }
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222 // +1 for the null terminator
139
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223 let data_alloc: NonNull<c_char> = calloc(data.len() + 1);
98
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224 // SAFETY: we just allocated this and we have enough room.
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225 unsafe {
139
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diff changeset
226 let dest = slice::from_raw_parts_mut(data_alloc.as_ptr().cast(), data.len());
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227 dest.copy_from_slice(data);
143
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diff changeset
228 Self(CHeapBox::from_ptr(data_alloc))
98
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229 }
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230 }
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231
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232 /// Converts this C heap string into a raw pointer.
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233 ///
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234 /// You are responsible for freeing it later.
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235 pub fn into_ptr(self) -> NonNull<c_char> {
100
3f11b8d30f63 Implement environment variable management.
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diff changeset
236 let this = ManuallyDrop::new(self);
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237 CHeapBox::as_ptr(&this.0)
98
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238 }
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239
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240 /// Converts this into a dumb box. It will no longer be zeroed upon drop.
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241 pub fn into_box(self) -> CHeapBox<c_char> {
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diff changeset
242 unsafe { mem::transmute(self) }
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diff changeset
243 }
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244
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245 /// Takes ownership of a C heap string.
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246 ///
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247 /// # Safety
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248 ///
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249 /// You have to provide a pointer to the start of an allocation that is
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250 /// a valid 0-terminated C string.
159
634cd5f2ac8b Separate logging into its own trait apart from the rest of PAM.
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diff changeset
251 pub unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: *mut c_char) -> Option<Self> {
98
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252 NonNull::new(ptr).map(|p| unsafe { Self(CHeapBox::from_ptr(p)) })
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253 }
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254
159
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diff changeset
255 /// Takes ownership of a CHeapBox.
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diff changeset
256 ///
634cd5f2ac8b Separate logging into its own trait apart from the rest of PAM.
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diff changeset
257 /// # Safety
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diff changeset
258 ///
634cd5f2ac8b Separate logging into its own trait apart from the rest of PAM.
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diff changeset
259 /// The box has to point to a valid 0-terminated C string.
634cd5f2ac8b Separate logging into its own trait apart from the rest of PAM.
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diff changeset
260 pub unsafe fn from_box<T>(bx: CHeapBox<T>) -> Self {
98
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diff changeset
261 Self(CHeapBox::cast(bx))
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262 }
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263
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264 /// Zeroes the contents of a C string.
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diff changeset
265 ///
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266 /// # Safety
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diff changeset
267 ///
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268 /// You have to provide a valid pointer to a null-terminated C string.
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269 pub unsafe fn zero(ptr: NonNull<c_char>) {
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diff changeset
270 let cstr = ptr.as_ptr();
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diff changeset
271 let len = libc::strlen(cstr.cast());
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diff changeset
272 for x in 0..len {
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diff changeset
273 ptr::write_volatile(cstr.byte_offset(x as isize), mem::zeroed())
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diff changeset
274 }
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diff changeset
275 }
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276 }
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277
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diff changeset
278 impl Drop for CHeapString {
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diff changeset
279 fn drop(&mut self) {
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280 // SAFETY: We own a valid C String
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diff changeset
281 unsafe { Self::zero(CHeapBox::as_ptr(&self.0)) }
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282 }
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283 }
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diff changeset
284
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diff changeset
285 impl Deref for CHeapString {
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diff changeset
286 type Target = CStr;
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diff changeset
287
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288 fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
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289 // SAFETY: We know we own a valid C string pointer.
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290 let ptr = CHeapBox::as_ptr(&self.0).as_ptr();
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291 unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(ptr) }
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292 }
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293 }
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294
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295 /// Creates an owned copy of a string that is returned from a
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296 /// <code>pam_get_<var>whatever</var></code> function.
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297 ///
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298 /// # Safety
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299 ///
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300 /// It's on you to provide a valid string.
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301 pub unsafe fn copy_pam_string(result_ptr: *const c_char) -> Option<OsString> {
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302 NonNull::new(result_ptr.cast_mut())
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303 .map(NonNull::as_ptr)
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304 .map(|p| CStr::from_ptr(p))
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305 .map(CStr::to_bytes)
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306 .map(Vec::from)
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307 .map(OsString::from_vec)
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308 }
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309
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310 #[cfg(test)]
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311 mod tests {
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312 use super::*;
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313 use std::cell::Cell;
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314 #[test]
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315 fn test_box() {
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316 let drop_count: Cell<u32> = Cell::new(0);
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317
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318 struct Dropper<'a>(&'a Cell<u32>);
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319
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320 impl Drop for Dropper<'_> {
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321 fn drop(&mut self) {
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322 self.0.set(self.0.get() + 1)
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323 }
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324 }
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325
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326 let mut dropbox = CHeapBox::new(Dropper(&drop_count));
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327 _ = dropbox;
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328 // ensure the old value is dropped when the new one is assigned.
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329 dropbox = CHeapBox::new(Dropper(&drop_count));
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330 assert_eq!(1, drop_count.get());
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331 *dropbox = Dropper(&drop_count);
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332 assert_eq!(2, drop_count.get());
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333 drop(dropbox);
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334 assert_eq!(3, drop_count.get());
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335 }
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336
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337 #[test]
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338 fn test_strings() {
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339 let str = CHeapString::new("hello there");
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340 let str_ptr = str.into_ptr().as_ptr();
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341 unsafe {
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342 let copied = copy_pam_string(str_ptr).unwrap();
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343 assert_eq!("hello there", copied);
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344 CHeapString::zero(NonNull::new(str_ptr).unwrap());
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345 let idx_three = str_ptr.add(3).as_mut().unwrap();
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346 *idx_three = 0x80u8 as i8;
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347 let zeroed = copy_pam_string(str_ptr).unwrap();
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348 assert!(zeroed.is_empty());
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349 let _ = CHeapString::from_ptr(str_ptr);
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350 }
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351 }
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352
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353 #[test]
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354 #[should_panic]
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355 fn test_nul_string() {
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356 CHeapString::new("hell\0 there");
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357 }
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358
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359 #[test]
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360 fn test_option_str() {
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361 let good = option_cstr(Some("whatever".as_ref()));
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362 assert_eq!("whatever", good.unwrap().to_str().unwrap());
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363 let no_str = option_cstr(None);
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364 assert!(no_str.is_none());
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365 }
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366 #[test]
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367 #[should_panic]
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368 fn test_nul_cstr() {
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369 option_cstr(Some("what\0ever".as_ref()));
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370 }
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371
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372 #[test]
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373 fn test_prompt() {
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374 let prompt_cstr = CString::new("good").ok();
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375 let prompt = prompt_ptr(prompt_cstr.as_deref());
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376 assert!(!prompt.is_null());
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377 let no_prompt = prompt_ptr(None);
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378 assert!(no_prompt.is_null());
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379 }
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380 }