annotate src/libpam/answer.rs @ 101:94b51fa4f797

Fix memory soundness issues: - Ensure Questions are pinned in memory when sending them through PAM. - Hold on to the PAM conversation struct after we build it. (Linux-PAM is leninent about this and copies the pam_conv structure.)
author Paul Fisher <paul@pfish.zone>
date Tue, 24 Jun 2025 17:54:33 -0400
parents 3f11b8d30f63
children
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rev   line source
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1 //! Types used to communicate data from the application to the module.
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2
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3 use crate::libpam::conversation::OwnedMessage;
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4 use crate::libpam::memory;
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5 use crate::libpam::memory::{CBinaryData, CHeapBox, CHeapString};
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6 pub use crate::libpam::pam_ffi::Answer;
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7 use crate::{ErrorCode, Result};
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8 use std::ffi::CStr;
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9 use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
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10 use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
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11 use std::ptr::NonNull;
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12 use std::{iter, ptr, slice};
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13
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14 /// The corridor via which the answer to Messages navigate through PAM.
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15 #[derive(Debug)]
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16 pub struct Answers {
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17 /// The actual list of answers. This can't be a [`CHeapBox`] because
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18 /// this is the pointer to the start of an array, not a single Answer.
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19 base: NonNull<Answer>,
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20 count: usize,
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21 }
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22
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23 impl Answers {
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24 /// Builds an Answers out of the given answered Message Q&As.
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25 pub fn build(value: Vec<OwnedMessage>) -> Result<Self> {
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26 let mut outputs = Self {
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27 base: memory::calloc(value.len())?,
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28 count: value.len(),
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29 };
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30 // Even if we fail during this process, we still end up freeing
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31 // all allocated answer memory.
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32 for (input, output) in iter::zip(value, outputs.iter_mut()) {
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33 match input {
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34 OwnedMessage::MaskedPrompt(p) => TextAnswer::fill(output, p.answer()?.as_ref())?,
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35 OwnedMessage::Prompt(p) => TextAnswer::fill(output, &(p.answer()?))?,
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36 OwnedMessage::Error(p) => TextAnswer::fill(output, p.answer().map(|_| "")?)?,
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37 OwnedMessage::Info(p) => TextAnswer::fill(output, p.answer().map(|_| "")?)?,
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38 // If we're here, that means that we *got* a Linux-PAM
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39 // question from PAM, so we're OK to answer it.
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40 OwnedMessage::RadioPrompt(p) => TextAnswer::fill(output, &(p.answer()?))?,
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41 OwnedMessage::BinaryPrompt(p) => BinaryAnswer::fill(output, (&p.answer()?).into())?,
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42 }
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43 }
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44 Ok(outputs)
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45 }
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46
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47 /// Converts this into a `*Answer` for passing to PAM.
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48 ///
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49 /// This object is consumed and the `Answer` pointer now owns its data.
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50 /// It can be recreated with [`Self::from_c_heap`].
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51 pub fn into_ptr(self) -> NonNull<Answer> {
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52 ManuallyDrop::new(self).base
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53 }
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54
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55 /// Takes ownership of a list of answers allocated on the C heap.
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56 ///
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57 /// # Safety
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58 ///
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59 /// It's up to you to make sure you pass a valid pointer,
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60 /// like one that you got from PAM, or maybe [`Self::into_ptr`].
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61 pub unsafe fn from_c_heap(base: NonNull<Answer>, count: usize) -> Self {
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62 Answers { base, count }
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63 }
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64 }
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66 impl Deref for Answers {
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67 type Target = [Answer];
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68 fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
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69 // SAFETY: This is the memory we manage ourselves.
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70 unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(self.base.as_ptr(), self.count) }
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71 }
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72 }
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73
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74 impl DerefMut for Answers {
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75 fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
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76 // SAFETY: This is the memory we manage ourselves.
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77 unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(self.base.as_ptr(), self.count) }
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78 }
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79 }
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80
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81 impl Drop for Answers {
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82 fn drop(&mut self) {
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83 // SAFETY: We allocated this ourselves, or it was provided to us by PAM.
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84 // We own these pointers, and they will never be used after this.
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85 unsafe {
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86 for answer in self.iter_mut() {
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87 ptr::drop_in_place(answer)
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88 }
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89 memory::free(self.base.as_ptr())
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90 }
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91 }
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92 }
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93
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94 #[repr(transparent)]
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95 #[derive(Debug)]
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96 pub struct TextAnswer(Answer);
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97
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98 impl TextAnswer {
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99 /// Interprets the provided `Answer` as a text answer.
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100 ///
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101 /// # Safety
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102 ///
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103 /// It's up to you to provide an answer that is a `TextAnswer`.
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104 pub unsafe fn upcast(from: &mut Answer) -> &mut Self {
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105 // SAFETY: We're provided a valid reference.
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106 &mut *(from as *mut Answer).cast::<Self>()
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107 }
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108
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109 /// Converts the `Answer` to a `TextAnswer` with the given text.
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110 fn fill(dest: &mut Answer, text: &str) -> Result<()> {
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111 let allocated = CHeapString::new(text)?;
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112 let _ = dest
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113 .data
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114 .replace(unsafe { CHeapBox::cast(allocated.into_box()) });
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115 Ok(())
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116 }
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117
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118 /// Gets the string stored in this answer.
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119 pub fn contents(&self) -> Result<&str> {
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120 match self.0.data.as_ref() {
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121 None => Ok(""),
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122 Some(data) => {
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123 // SAFETY: This data is either passed from PAM (so we are forced
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124 // to trust it) or was created by us in TextAnswerInner::alloc.
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125 // In either case, it's going to be a valid null-terminated string.
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126 unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(CHeapBox::as_ptr(data).as_ptr().cast()) }
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127 .to_str()
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128 .map_err(|_| ErrorCode::ConversationError)
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129 }
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130 }
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131 }
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132
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133 /// Zeroes out the answer data, frees it, and points our data to `null`.
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134 ///
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135 /// When this `TextAnswer` is part of an [`Answers`],
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136 /// this is optional (since that will perform the `free`),
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137 /// but it will clear potentially sensitive data.
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138 pub fn zero_contents(&mut self) {
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139 // SAFETY: We own this data and know it's valid.
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140 // If it's null, this is a no-op.
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141 // After we're done, it will be null.
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142 unsafe {
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143 if let Some(ptr) = self.0.data.as_ref() {
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144 CHeapString::zero(CHeapBox::as_ptr(ptr).cast());
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145 }
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146 }
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147 }
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148 }
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149
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150 /// A [`Answer`] with [`CBinaryData`] in it.
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151 #[repr(transparent)]
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152 #[derive(Debug)]
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153 pub struct BinaryAnswer(Answer);
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154
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155 impl BinaryAnswer {
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156 /// Interprets the provided [`Answer`] as a binary answer.
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157 ///
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158 /// # Safety
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159 ///
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160 /// It's up to you to provide an answer that is a `BinaryAnswer`.
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161 pub unsafe fn upcast(from: &mut Answer) -> &mut Self {
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162 // SAFETY: We're provided a valid reference.
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163 &mut *(from as *mut Answer).cast::<Self>()
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164 }
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165
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166 /// Fills in a [`Answer`] with the provided binary data.
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167 ///
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168 /// The `data_type` is a tag you can use for whatever.
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169 /// It is passed through PAM unchanged.
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170 ///
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171 /// The referenced data is copied to the C heap.
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172 /// We do not take ownership of the original data.
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173 pub fn fill(dest: &mut Answer, data_and_type: (&[u8], u8)) -> Result<()> {
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174 let allocated = CBinaryData::alloc(data_and_type)?;
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175 let _ = dest.data.replace(unsafe { CHeapBox::cast(allocated) });
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176 Ok(())
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177 }
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178
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179 /// Gets the binary data in this answer.
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180 pub fn data(&self) -> Option<NonNull<CBinaryData>> {
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181 // SAFETY: We either got this data from PAM or allocated it ourselves.
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182 // Either way, we trust that it is either valid data or null.
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183 self.0
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184 .data
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185 .as_ref()
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186 .map(CHeapBox::as_ptr)
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187 .map(NonNull::cast)
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188 }
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189
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190 /// Zeroes out the answer data, frees it, and points our data to `null`.
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191 ///
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192 /// When this `BinaryAnswer` is part of an [`Answers`],
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193 /// this is optional (since that will perform the `free`),
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194 /// but it will clear potentially sensitive data.
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195 pub fn zero_contents(&mut self) {
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196 // SAFETY: We know that our data pointer is either valid or null.
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197 // Once we're done, it's null and the answer is safe.
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198 unsafe {
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199 if let Some(ptr) = self.0.data.as_ref() {
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200 CBinaryData::zero_contents(CHeapBox::as_ptr(ptr).cast())
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201 }
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202 }
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203 }
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204 }
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205
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206 #[cfg(test)]
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207 mod tests {
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208 use super::*;
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209 use crate::conv::{ErrorMsg, InfoMsg, MaskedQAndA, QAndA};
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210
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211 macro_rules! answered {
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212 ($typ:ty, $msg:path, $data:expr) => {{
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213 let qa = <$typ>::new("");
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214 qa.set_answer(Ok($data));
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215 $msg(qa)
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216 }};
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217 }
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218
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219 fn assert_text_answer(want: &str, answer: &mut Answer) {
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220 let up = unsafe { TextAnswer::upcast(answer) };
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221 assert_eq!(want, up.contents().unwrap());
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222 up.zero_contents();
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223 assert_eq!("", up.contents().unwrap());
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224 }
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225
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226 fn round_trip(msgs: Vec<OwnedMessage>) -> Answers {
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227 let n = msgs.len();
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228 let sent = Answers::build(msgs).unwrap();
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229 unsafe { Answers::from_c_heap(sent.into_ptr(), n) }
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230 }
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231
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232 #[test]
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233 fn test_round_trip() {
87
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234 let mut answers = round_trip(vec![
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235 answered!(QAndA, OwnedMessage::Prompt, "whats going on".to_owned()),
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236 answered!(MaskedQAndA, OwnedMessage::MaskedPrompt, "well then".into()),
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237 answered!(ErrorMsg, OwnedMessage::Error, ()),
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238 answered!(InfoMsg, OwnedMessage::Info, ()),
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239 ]);
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240
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241 if let [going, well, err, info] = &mut answers[..] {
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242 assert_text_answer("whats going on", going);
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243 assert_text_answer("well then", well);
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244 assert_text_answer("", err);
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245 assert_text_answer("", info);
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246 } else {
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247 panic!("received wrong size {len}!", len = answers.len())
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248 }
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249 }
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250
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251 #[cfg(feature = "linux-pam-extensions")]
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252 fn test_round_trip_linux() {
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253 use crate::conv::{BinaryData, BinaryQAndA, RadioQAndA};
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254 let binary_msg = {
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255 let qa = BinaryQAndA::new((&[][..], 0));
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256 qa.set_answer(Ok(BinaryData::new(vec![1, 2, 3], 99)));
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257 OwnedMessage::BinaryPrompt(qa)
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258 };
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259 let mut answers = round_trip(vec![
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260 binary_msg,
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261 answered!(
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262 RadioQAndA,
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263 OwnedMessage::RadioPrompt,
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264 "beep boop".to_owned()
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265 ),
87
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266 ]);
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267
87
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268 if let [bin, radio] = &mut answers[..] {
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269 let up = unsafe { BinaryAnswer::upcast(bin) };
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270 assert_eq!(BinaryData::from((&[1, 2, 3][..], 99)), unsafe {
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271 CBinaryData::as_binary_data(up.data().unwrap())
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272 });
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273 up.zero_contents();
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274 assert_eq!(BinaryData::default(), unsafe {
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275 CBinaryData::as_binary_data(up.data().unwrap())
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276 });
87
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277
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278 assert_text_answer("beep boop", radio);
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279 } else {
87
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280 panic!("received wrong size {len}!", len = answers.len())
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281 }
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282 }
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283
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284 #[test]
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285 fn test_text_answer() {
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286 let mut answer: CHeapBox<Answer> = CHeapBox::default();
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287 TextAnswer::fill(&mut answer, "hello").unwrap();
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288 let zeroth_text = unsafe { TextAnswer::upcast(&mut answer) };
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289 let data = zeroth_text.contents().expect("valid");
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290 assert_eq!("hello", data);
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291 zeroth_text.zero_contents();
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292 zeroth_text.zero_contents();
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293 TextAnswer::fill(&mut answer, "hell\0").expect_err("should error; contains nul");
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294 }
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295
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296 #[test]
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297 fn test_binary_answer() {
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298 use crate::conv::BinaryData;
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299 let mut answer: CHeapBox<Answer> = CHeapBox::default();
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300 let real_data = BinaryData::new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], 9);
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301 BinaryAnswer::fill(&mut answer, (&real_data).into()).expect("alloc should succeed");
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302 let bin_answer = unsafe { BinaryAnswer::upcast(&mut answer) };
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303 assert_eq!(real_data, unsafe {
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304 CBinaryData::as_binary_data(bin_answer.data().unwrap())
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305 });
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306 }
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307
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308 #[test]
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309 #[ignore]
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310 fn test_binary_answer_too_big() {
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311 let big_data: Vec<u8> = vec![0xFFu8; 0x1_0000_0001];
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312 let mut answer: CHeapBox<Answer> = CHeapBox::default();
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313 BinaryAnswer::fill(&mut answer, (&big_data, 100)).expect_err("this is too big!");
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314 }
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315 }